As part of the response, the army will be sent to six counties in the region on Wednesday, Defense Minister Aden Bare Duale said.
Interior Minister Kithure Kindiki said the situation in the northern Rift Valley Region constituted a national emergency and gave people in the area three days to surrender their firearms before being subjected to the "full force of the law".
"Painful and decisive measures must be taken effective immediately," Kindiki said in a statement late on Monday.
President William Ruto, who came to power in last August's election, has promised to restore security to the drought-stricken borderlands with Uganda, South Sudan and Ethiopia, where endemic cattle rustling has been aggravated by the proliferation of automatic weapons.