Israeli authorities say the truce could be prolonged as long as Hamas continues to release at least 10 hostages per day. But with fewer women and children left in captivity, keeping the guns quiet beyond Wednesday could require negotiating to free at least some Israeli men for the first time.
Speaking to Al Jazeera on Monday, Khalil Al-Hayya, a Hamas official said, "we hope the occupation (Israel) abides (by the agreement) in the next two days because we are seeking a new agreement, besides women and children, whereby other categories that we have that we can swap."
In an interview with Army Radio, Israeli security cabinet minister Gideon Saar said the two-day extension had been agreed under the terms of the original offer, and Israel remained willing to extend the truce further if more hostages were released.
"Immediately upon the completion of the hostage-recovery framework, the warfighting will be renewed," Saar said.
Qatar, a mediator of the talks between the warring parties said it was trying to secure a further extension based on Hamas releasing more hostages.
Israel and Hamas on Tuesday said a tank from the Middle Eastern nation fired in the Sheikh Radwan district of Gaza City in the morning, but there were no reports of casualties. Israel said its troops had been approached and fired a warning shot.
Previously during the truce, Hamas fighters released 50 Israeli women and children, some of them toddlers, from among the 240 hostages they captured in southern Israel during a deadly rampage on October 7.
In return, Israel released 150 security detainees from its jails, all women and teenagers.
A handout picture released by the spokesperson's office of Schneider Children Medical Center in Petah Tikva on November 26, 2023 showing Avihai Brodetz hugging his children, after their release by Hamas amid an exchange operation of hostages against Palestinian prisoners.
Hamas also released 19 foreign hostages, mainly Thai farmworkers, under separate deals parallel to the truce agreement.
The truce brought the first respite to the Gaza Strip in seven weeks, during which Israel had bombed swathes of the territory into a desolate moonscape.
Many Gazans used the opportunity to return to abandoned or destroyed homes, like Abu Shamaleh, who was picking through the rubble of his flattened home in Khan Younis, looking for anything recoverable in the masonry. He said 37 family members had been killed.
"Today I have nothing in this world but memories. Everything is gone," Shamaleh said.
There was no machinery to excavate the body of a cousin still buried in the ruins, he said. "The truce is the time to lift the rubble and search for all the missing people and bury them. We honor the dead by burying them."
Among Israeli hostages yet to be freed was 10-month-old baby Kfir Bibas, along with his brother Ariel, 4, and their parents Yarden and Shiri, bundled from a kibbutz by gunmen on October 7.
Yarden's sister told reporters that their relatives had learned the family would not be in the group to go free on Tuesday. Israeli officials said they believed they were being held by a militant group other than Hamas.
"Kfir is only 10 months old. He is a child who still doesn't even know how to say 'Mommy'," Jimmy Miller, a cousin, told Channel 12 TV. "We in the family are not managing to function... The family hasn't slept for a long, long time already - 51 days."
Israel has sworn to annihilate Hamas, the militant group that rules Gaza, after its gunmen burst across the fence and went on a violent spree, killing around 1,200 people and seizing 240 captives.
Since then, Gaza health authorities deemed reliable by the United Nations say more than 15,000 people have been confirmed killed in Israel's bombardment, around 40% of them children, with many more dead feared to be lost under rubble.
More than two-thirds of Gaza's 2.3 million people have lost their homes, with thousands of families sleeping rough in makeshift shelters with only the belongings they could carry.
Upon the resumption of war, Israel says it will press on with its assault from the northern half of Gaza into the south.
In response, U.S. officials say they have told their ally to be more careful and called on the Middle Eastern nation to protect civilians amid the military operation.
"You cannot have the sort of scale of displacement that took place in the north replicated in the south. It will be beyond disruptive, it will be beyond the capacity of any humanitarian support network," one U.S. official said in a call with reporters. "It can't happen."
Despite releasing 150 detainees under the truce, Israel has been arresting Palestinians far faster than it lets them go: according to the Palestinian Prisoners' Club, a semi-official organization, 3,290 Palestinians have been detained since October 7.
Israel added an additional 50 Palestinian women to its list of 300 detainees cleared for release under the truce, seen as a sign it was prepared to negotiate for more hostages to go free under further extensions.
Israel's siege has led to the collapse of Gaza's health care system, especially in the northern half of the territory where no hospitals remain functioning. The World Health Organization said more Gazans could soon be dying of disease than from bombing.
There were already a very high number of cases of infants suffering from diarrhea, WHO spokesperson Margaret Harris said.
"No medicines, no vaccination activities, no access to safe water and hygiene and no food," Harris added.