The action is the latest round of sanctions imposed by Washington after conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces, SAF, and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, RSF, broke out in April over plans for a political transition.
The RSF was also scheduled for integration into the army — developments meant to happen four years after long-time ruler Omar al-Bashir was overthrown in a popular uprising.
"Today's action holds accountable those who have undercut efforts to find a peaceful, democratic solution in Sudan," the Treasury Department's Under Secretary for Terrorism and Financial Intelligence, Brian Nelson, said in a statement.
"We will continue to target actors perpetuating this conflict for personal gain," he added.
The Treasury said it targeted Ali Karti, the foreign minister under Bashir, who became leader of the Sudanese Islamic Movement after the former leader was toppled in 2019.
He is a prominent figure among loyalists and veterans of Bashir's Islamist rule who have maneuvered to protect their interests and regained some leverage after a 2021 coup by the army and the RSF.
The Islamists have backed the army in its fight against the RSF, with some, including former intelligence operatives, joining the army's ranks.
"(Karti) and other hardline Sudanese Islamists are actively obstructing efforts to reach a ceasefire to end the current war between the SAF and RSF and opposing Sudanese civilians, efforts to restore Sudan's democratic transition," the Treasury said.
Also hit with sanctions was GSK Advance Company, a Sudan-based company the Treasury said has been used as a procurement channel for the RSF.
GSK worked with Russia-based military supply company Aviatrade, also targeted on Thursday, to arrange the procurement of parts and supplies, as well as training, for drones previously purchased by the RSF, the Treasury said.
The RSF has long cultivated its closest foreign ties with the United Arab Emirates and Russia.
An RSF advisor, Mostafa Mohamed Ibrahim, told Al Jazeera on Thursday that the force had no relation with the two sanctioned companies.
Karti's Sudanese Islamic Movement issued a statement saying it sought stability for Sudan and that sanctions imposed by the United States were a "badge of honor." Karti was in Sudan when the war broke out but his current whereabouts are unclear.
U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken in a separate statement said Washington had taken steps this week to impose visa restrictions on people believed to be part of efforts to undermine Sudan’s democratic transition, including Sudanese Islamists and former officials, as well as others suppressing human rights and involved in other actions.
Thursday's sanctions follow measures taken against the deputy leader of RSF earlier this month. The U.S. also imposed sanctions on companies linked to the RSF in June, for allegedly fueling the conflict.
The action freezes any U.S. assets of those targeted and generally bars Americans from dealing with them. Those that engage in certain transactions with them also risk being hit by sanctions
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