A notice of charge has been issued against Jeruto, 27, for the use of a prohibited substance or method, according to an entry on the website of the Athletics Integrity Unit (AIU), which oversees doping cases in track and field.
The AIU indicated the case involves her athlete biological passport, a mechanism for tracking competitors' blood values over a long period to flag up signs of possible doping.
A provisional suspension means she cannot compete until the case is resolved.
Jeruto won the African championship gold medal in the steeplechase in 2016 and the Diamond League title in 2021, both while representing Kenya.
She switched allegiance to Kazakhstan last year, having missed the Tokyo Olympics while she waited for the switch to take effect, and won the Central Asian nation's first ever world track and field gold medal in championship-record time in Eugene, Oregon, last year.
